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| 60 Dome Mosque |
Historical Background
During the 1400s, Bagerhat—then known as Khalifatabad—was transformed into a thriving township under the leadership of Khan Jahan Ali. His contributions to the region include mosques, roads, bridges, and water reservoirs. Among these, the Sixty Dome Mosque remains the crown jewel.
Construction of the mosque began around 1442 and continued for several years. Although commonly known as the “Sixty Dome” mosque, the structure actually contains 77 domes—including 7 chauchala (four-sided) domes—supported by a forest of internal pillars. The name “Sixty Dome” is believed to have come from the 60 stone pillars used inside the mosque or from the local term “Shat Gombuj,” which culturally may not literally mean sixty.
Architectural Features
The Sixty Dome Mosque is admired for its massive structure, unique dome arrangement, and simple yet powerful architectural language influenced by the Tughlaq style of Delhi Sultanate.
1. Massive Brick Structure
Built entirely from baked bricks, the mosque measures about 160 feet by 108 feet, standing as one of the largest historical mosques in Bangladesh. Thick walls nearly 6 feet wide help keep the interiors cool, even during intense summer heat.
2. Seventy-Seven Domes and Four Corner Towers
The mosque features:
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70 small domes arranged in rows
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7 large four-sided chauchala domes
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4 massive corner towers, each topped with a cupola
These domes rest upon 60 stone pillars, creating sixty distinct interior bays that may have inspired its name.
3. Multiple Entrances and Ventilation
The eastern façade houses 11 arched doorways, allowing light and air to flow into the prayer hall. Smaller doors on the north and south walls create cross-ventilation, giving the mosque its serene, airy ambiance.
4. Prayer Mihrabs
The western wall contains 11 mihrabs, intricately designed with terracotta patterns. These indicate the direction of prayer and reflect exquisite craftsmanship typical of Bengal’s architecture.
Religious and Cultural Significance
Beyond its architectural value, the Sixty Dome Mosque carries immense religious importance. It served as both a place of worship and a community center for the early Muslim settlers of Khalifatabad. During Khan Jahan Ali’s time, it symbolized spiritual unity and flourishing Islamic culture in Bengal.
Today, the mosque remains active—Muslims gather here every day for prayers, especially during Jumma and major Islamic festivals. It stands as a symbol of the region’s deep historical roots and living spiritual heritage.
World Heritage Site
UNESCO World Heritage Recognition
In 1985, UNESCO declared the Mosque City of Bagerhat—including the Sixty Dome Mosque—as a World Heritage Site. The recognition highlights:
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Its outstanding universal value
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Exceptional preservation of early Muslim architecture in Bengal
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Cultural importance in South Asian history
UNESCO continues to support conservation efforts, ensuring future generations can appreciate this timeless monument.
A Major Tourist Attraction
The Sixty Dome Mosque attracts thousands of visitors from Bangladesh and around the world every year. Tourists and researchers come to admire:
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Its historic atmosphere
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Monumental architecture
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Craftsmanship of the Sultanate era
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Surrounding sites such as Khan Jahan Ali’s Mazar, Nine-Dome Mosque, and Ghora Dighi
The peaceful environment, ancient ruins, and greenery create an unforgettable experience for anyone exploring Bagerhat.
Conclusion
The Sixty Dome Mosque is more than a historical building—it is a monumental chapter of Bangladesh’s cultural identity. It reflects the vision of Khan Jahan Ali, the artistry of Bengal’s masons, and the spiritual heritage of the region. Standing firm for over five centuries, it reminds us of the architectural advancements and cultural richness of the Bengal Sultanate.
To visit the mosque is to walk into history—a place where faith, art, and tradition meet in a timeless harmony.
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